Health Services and Research Methodologies

Question: Discuss about the Health Services and Research Methodologies. Answer: Introduction: The current report talks about the benefits and the problems associated with the schooling of children. Girls and boys are sent to school so that they can read, write and count which is used to provide them a bright future ahead and also for their families and some contribution to the nation also (Ahmad Hamm, 2013). The schooling education is of primary importance as it provides knowledge for the students regarding the subject, enhances their social behavior and mainly the school teaches them with good manners and dos and donts (Khalsa et al., 2012). Figure1: The Problem Solving Loop Source: (Khalsa et al., 2012) The following are some things which are gained by children from the school includes: Confidence: They get to learn about various subjects and will make them become proficient and develop skills exponentially. Socialization: It helps us to build the huge network of friends for better interaction and can come across the like-minded community. Teamwork: Other than friends, it also gives us a very great opportunity of working with various kinds of people which will be useful in future (Nariman Chrispeels, 2015). Preparation: At the end of the day it prepares you to face the world alone with the knowledge and skills developed during schooling. Information: One of the main reasons and the benefits that can be gained from school is the wealth of the knowledge and the information regarding various topics. It also provides the environment for creative ideas which can be implemented for accessing the subject knowledge (Schargel Smink, 2014). Inspiration: The school not only benefits us in developing the friends for life long, but also teaches us with the working strategies and streamlining of our career goals as per our interests. A student can even get inspired by different personalities from school. Community: A school is the place which is said to be functioning as the center of the persons community and is also considered to act as the meeting place and is the place where children grow and develop themselves. On the other hand, there are also some problems which are associated with schooling, such as absenteeism, conflicts among students, misunderstandings, etc. According to the teachers and principal of school management family factors are found to be a very serious problem in school. They say that parents are not involved in the matters related to the childrens activities in school (Khalsa et al., 2012). Children might experience the situations of being bullied or they might bully others. Because of which they might lack attention and have some behavioral problems. They might not get engaged, or get themselves connected in groups or might not involve themselves in school activities for instance: they might not have an interest in any extracurricular activities but hey are forced to do so. The students may get punished for silly reasons and the level of punishment can be worse. Physical and mental abusiveness and harassment Not sufficient faculty available for the students No proper sanitary conditions and environments Congested classrooms and the teaching might not be up to the mark Giving a lot of homework, then what the children of that particular age can do Comparing the children with other students might embarrass the children The workload for children might be heavy References Ahmad, F. Z., Hamm, K. (2013). The School-Readiness Gap and Preschool Benefits for Children of Color.Center for American Progress. Khalsa, S. B. S., Hickey-Schultz, L., Cohen, D., Steiner, N., Cope, S. (2012). Evaluation of the mental health benefits of yoga in a secondary school: a preliminary randomized controlled trial.The journal of behavioral health services research,39(1), 80-90. Nariman, N., Chrispeels, J. (2015). PBL in the Era of Reform Standards: Challenges and Benefits Perceived by Teachers in One Elementary School.Interdisciplinary Journal of Problem-Based Learning,10(1), 5. Schargel, F. P., Smink, J. (2014).Strategies to help solve our school dropout problem. Routledge.

Journal Of Business Economics Management -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Journal Of Business Economics Management? Answer: Introduction Employee performance and rewards management is a process of rewarding the employees in terms of various benefits, compensations and wages to ensure that the employees are satisfied with their job role, provide their best foot forward and give maximum productivity. The reward management system was introduced after the psychologists studied the behavior of the individuals how the people reacts to rewards and compensations and how it motivates them to continue with their best performance. The psychologists have created certain motivational theories, which are closely related with the ideas of motivational reward system. In this report the article related to Samsung paying reward to the employees will be analyzed, the main issue of rewards will be explored. The topic will also be discussed relating it with the employee relations challenges, performance management, learning and development, motivation and rewards, managing diversity, and employee turnover and retention. Having an efficient system of reward, is compulsory so that the employees come to know in details about their task sand display the skills to do it, they will have the level of motivation required to work and provide best performance. The chief purpose of this report is to identify the issue related to performance reward management, analyze the theories related to the topic and finally to provide solutions to the problem. The Issue Related To Performance and Rewards in the Story The story provided in the article is about the company Samsung, the company has paid special bonus to their employees belonging to their mobile division who were sincere in their work (Haider et al., 2015). Despite of the poor performance of the company for that year, they kept the division running and prevented any unnecessary ramp down in the company, as Samsung was not doing well in business during the year. Samsung has taken up this initiative to motivate their employees during such a trying time by paying them bonuses (Pepper Gore, 2015). According to the words of a Samsung official, Samsung will try to motivate workers through proper compensation. The decision for maximum bonuses to mobile employees includes the company managements hopes to proceed on their given mission under new leadership. The chief issue to identify in this report is to find out the role of rewards and performance pays and how that motivates the employees, whether financial compensation really motivates th e employees to continuing with their best performance, how is compensation related to employee motivation (Joshi et al., 2015). The Theories on Compensation or Rewards and the Performance of Employees To understand which of the components of compensation are better in effectiveness, the theories of remuneration of employees are required to be (Caza, McCarter Northcraft, 2015). There are three such theories of employee compensation Reinforcement and Expectancy theories, Equity theory and Agency theory. Reinforcement Theory According to the Reinforcement theory, the action of a person which is rewarded or appreciated is going to be repeated again(Malik, Butt Choi, 2015). The effect of compensation is that if an employee provides high quality of work and for that, if monetary rewards are given to that employee then he/she will be more likely to continue producing such work again (Lee et al., 2015). Following the same theory, if a high quality performance is not followed by respective compensation then it is likely that such action will never be repeated again in the future (Terera Ngirande, 2014). The theory emphasizes the importance of a person actually experiencing the reward. Expectancy Theory Similar to the Reinforcement theory, Expectancy theory propounded by Victor H. Vroom a professor in Yale School of Management, focuses on the connection between compensations or rewards and behavior(Hameed, Ramzan Zubair, 2014). According to the Expectancy theory, motivation is the product of valence, assistance and individual expectancy. The systems of remuneration can vary when these motivational components will be impacted. Valence of pay and its outcomes remain the same within different remuneration systems. The Expectancy theory deals more with the design of a job and training rather than pay framework. Equity Theory According to Equity theory, the employee who experiences inequity or unfairness in his/ her compensation always seeks to bring in equity(Kala, 2015). The theory proposes equality in the remuneration framework of the employees. The treatment of the employees by their firms holds utmost importance to them. The statement which says a fair day work for fair day pay brings about a sense of equity among the employees. When employees experience inequality then it can result in decrease in productivity, high number of absentees or decrease in revenue of the company. Agency Theory The agency theory emphasizes on the various goals and aims of the stakeholders oh an organization and the ways in which remuneration of an employee can be modified to suit those goals. In a business unit, the two stakeholders are the employees and the employers, employees take upon the role of principals and the employees play the role of agents (Aslam et al., 2015). It is natural that the employees expect high agency costs while the employers seek to minimize it. According to the agency theory the employer or the principle must pick a contracting plan that can adjust the interests of the employees or the agents with the interests of the employer. These agreements can be delegated either behaviour oriented (e.g. merit pay) or outcome oriented (e.g. stock option schemes, profit sharing, and commission) At the primary sight, outcome oriented contracts appear to be the most favourable arrangement. The benefits enjoyed by the employees increase with the increase in the profits of the company, and at the same time the rewards decrease if the employer experience loss of revenue. The Different Types of Rewards Rewards are required in the organizations and they play a huge role in motivating the employees (Howard,Turban Hurley, 2016). They serve the purpose of achieving higher organizational goals, help in securing better quality of employees and to increase their annual revenue. The foremost objective is to build individuals' eagerness to work in one's organization, to upgrade their efficiency. There are two sorts of prizes: Extrinsic rewards: solid amount of rewards that the employees receive. Bonuses: By and large consistently, Bonuses impels the employees to put in all endeavors and tries in the midst of the year to achieve more than a satisfactory assessment that grows the likelihood of obtaining a couple of pay as particular sum (De Gieter Hofmans, 2015). The plans related to bonuses differs within organizations; while some of the organizations ensure fixed amount of bonuses, on the other hand other organizations pay bonuses to their employees on the basis of their performance throughout the year, this process rather increases the chances of biases to occur and that may ultimately lead to employee dissatisfaction and loss of productivity. Therefore, managers must be careful to remain unbiased. Salary raise: The employees achieve this type of rewards after a year of hard work, and this raise motivates the employees to gain new skills and improve their performance. The raise in salary results in the long term job satisfaction of the employees. In these, kind of situations related to salary raise the managers should remain unbiased and judge the employees only according to their performance and there should not be any discrimination among the employees. Gifts: These types of rewards are a short-term based appreciation method. Fundamentally presented as a token of gratefulness for an achievement or obtaining an affiliations needed goal (Clot et al., 2015). Any employee would hold this kind of compensation in high regards and they would gain confidence in their work. This kind of reward ensures the employee that his/her way id the correct one and thus they try to keep up the good work in the future as well. Promotion: This is quite similar to the salary raise medium of compensation. Promotions tend to create a long-term satisfaction in the minds of the employees (Al-Emadi, Schwabenland Wei, 2015). This is done by allowing an employee to rise to a higher designation and by providing a higher title; this will of course come with an increase in the responsibilities and accountability. The interest of the employee is increased in this sort of reward as they believe that the administrators will choose the people who will prove to suit the designations best. In this type of rewards as well the people who are in the management should be careful to pick the candidates based on their merits only. Intrinsic rewards: these types of rewards tends to provide certain levels of personal satisfaction to the employees. Information / feedback: This is a significant type of reward which is followed by the effective managers as it holds huge importance to the employee as well as for the management. Feedbacks offer guidance to the employees whether in a positive manner or in a negative manner. This process at the same time create a bond and also adds value to the management and employee relationship. Recognition: Recognition can be explained as the verbal form of appreciation. This kind of reward may be provided to the individual employee through formal meetings or under informal conditions. Trust/empowerment: In the societies or in any organizations, trust is a vital requirement between two individuals or between an employee and the organization. Trust is important in order to complete the tasks successfully, this leads to increase in accountability and helps in winning the confidence of the management, and it also adds importance to the decisions taken by the employee (Aruna Anitha, 2015). Thus, this type of reward will benefit the organizations and provide them the idea that two minds are always better than one. Intrinsic rewards improves the employee to feel valued in the organization, while Extrinsic rewards center around the execution and exercises of the representative with a specific end goal to achieve a specific result. Importance of Rewards or Compensation The compensation system will only be ideal when it will affect the efficiency of the employees in a positive manner and the results will improve. Rewards will encourage the employees to make better performance and to achieve their respective goals, the process of job evaluation will also be improved, and the standards to meet will be also set in a realistic manner(Deery Jago, 2015). The process of achieving compensation should be set in a simple and manner so that the employees feel comfortable to understand the same and work towards achieving their own rewards. The purpose of the rewards and compensation should be to enhance the morale of the employees and to create a bond between the managers and the employees. Conclusion To conclude, Employee reward system is a method set by the companies to retain their employees, to increase the job satisfaction and to improve the quality of performance of the employees. Rewards are different from salary but may be offered in terms of money and in other ways. A reward framework comprises of money related prizes and worker benefits, which together include add up to compensation, it also has non-financial rewards and, in several cases, processes related to performance management. Employees are encouraged by both Extrinsic as well as Intrinsic rewards, to be successful, the reward framework must have both the reward types. All reward framework depends on goals to retain, manage, please and to improve the productivity of the employees. Monetary rewards are an important aspect of the reward framework, but there are several other factors, which motivate the employees to improve the level of their performance. The reward practices and procedures are associated through a l aborers' point of view where the reward organization ought to evaluate the wants, wants and needs of delegates as accomplices in the affiliation. Contemplations have additionally to be given to the necessities or perspectives of different partners, particularly proprietors in the private segment and governments, nearby specialists and trustees somewhere else. Reference list: Al-Emadi, A. A. Q., Schwabenland, C., Wei, Q. (2015). The vital role of employee retention in human resource management: A literature review.IUP Journal of Organizational Behavior,14(3), 7. Aruna, M., Anitha, J. (2015). Employee retention enablers: Generation Y employees.SCMS Journal of Indian Management,12(3), 94. Aslam, A., Ghaffar, A., Talha, T., Musthaq, H. (2015). Impact of compensation and reward system on the performance of an organization: An empirical study on banking sector of Pakistan.European Journal of Business and Social Sciences,4(8), 319-325. Caza, A., McCarter, M. W., Northcraft, G. B. (2015). Performance benefits of reward choice: A procedural justice perspective.Human Resource Management Journal,25(2), 184-199. Clot, S., Andriamahefazafy, F., Grolleau, G., Ibanez, L., Mral, P. (2015). Compensation and Rewards for Environmental Services (CRES) and efficient design of contracts in developing countries. Behavioral insights from a natural field experiment.Ecological Economics,113, 85-96. De Gieter, S., Hofmans, J. (2015). How reward satisfaction affects employees turnover intentions and performance: an individual differences approach.Human Resource Management Journal,25(2), 200-216. Deery, M., Jago, L. (2015). Revisiting talent management, work-life balance and retention strategies.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,27(3), 453-472. Haider, M., Rasli, A., Akhtar, S., Yusoff, R. B. M., Malik, O. M., Aamir, A., ... Tariq, F. (2015). The impact of human resource practices on employee retention in the telecom sector.International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues,5. Hameed, A., Ramzan, M., Zubair, H. M. K. (2014). Impact of compensation on employee performance (empirical evidence from banking sector of Pakistan).International Journal of Business and Social Science,5(2). Howard, L. W., Turban, D. B., Hurley, S. K. (2016). Cooperating teams and competing reward strategies: Incentives for team performance and firm productivity.Journal of Behavioral and Applied Management,3(3). Joshi, A., Neely, B., Emrich, C., Griffiths, D., George, G. (2015). Gender research in AMJ: An overview of five decades of empirical research and calls to action thematic issue on gender in management research.Academy of Management Journal,58(5), 1459-1475. Kala, C. (2015). Employee performance appraisal, rewards recognitionsa study in GK Roofing Private India Limited.ZENITH International Journal of Business Economics Management Research,5(6), 260-266. Lee, H., Lim, D., Kim, H., Zo, H., Ciganek, A. P. (2015). Compensation paradox: the influence of monetary rewards on user behaviour.Behaviour Information Technology,34(1), 45-56. Malik, M. A. R., Butt, A. N., Choi, J. N. (2015). Rewards and employee creative performance: Moderating effects of creative self?efficacy, reward importance, and locus of control.Journal of Organizational Behavior,36(1), 59-74. Pepper, A., Gore, J. (2015). Behavioral agency theory: New foundations for theorizing about executive compensation.Journal of management,41(4), 1045-1068. Terera, S. R., Ngirande, H. (2014). The impact of rewards on job satisfaction and employee retention.Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences,5(1), 481.

The Canadian Judiciary Balancing Public and Private Spheres free essay sample

Focuses on explaining the Judiciarys role in Canadian society. This paper represents an attempt to identify the Canadian Judiciarys ability to balance the interests of the public and private spheres according to changing social and political attitudes, as well as an evaluation of internal characteristics of the judiciary and how they necessarily effect this balance. Without question the judiciarys role in protecting individual liberties is valuable, however there are certain elements involved in the judicial process that have made its role highly controversial. The undemocratic nature of the judiciary calls into question its merit in handing down activist decisions that see the judiciary competing with legislatures to form the laws of Canada. Similarly, the its undemocratic, unrepresentative nature creates suspicion as to whether the judiciary is interested in protecting the rights of the common man which is the underlying purpose of the Charter. Perhaps of greatest concern is the tremendous scope of interpretive power the legislature commonly leaves to the judiciary, through the formation of unspecific, inconclusive legislation. We will write a custom essay sample on The Canadian Judiciary: Balancing Public and Private Spheres or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page

Colombia Revolt essays

Colombia Revolt essays UP AGAINST THE WALL, MOTHER******! THIS IS A STICK-UP! Perhaps nothing upset our enemies more than this slogan. To them it seemed to show the extent to which we had broken with their norms, how far we had sunk to brutality, hatred and obscenity. Great! The New York Times put forward three interpretations of the slogan, the only one of which I remember is the one which had to do with putting the administration up against the wall before a firing squad-apparently our fascistic final solution. The truth is almost as bad: the slogan defined Grayson Kirk, David Truman, the Trustees, many of the faculty, and the cops as our enemies. Liberal solutions, restructuring, partial understandings, compromise are not allowed anymore. The essence of the matter is that we are out for social and political revolution. Mark Rudd - SDS Columbia Chapter Chairman and one of the leaders of the Strike In the spring of 1968 students at Columbia University participated in a controversial series of demonstrations designed to disrupt the ongoings at the university. The Columbia Revolt was original and unique at this point in history. It was the most bold and disruptive protest up until that time. It was the first at an Ivy League institution. It led the way for many protests at universities during the era. It represented the spread of student opposition to the war and racial injustice. It also represented the growing cynicism students felt about whether or not change would actually happen within the political system (May 1). The protest thus resulted in a more disruptive form of protest designed to really stir things up at the All-American college campus. This protest was a message to the American people that the future super elite were willing to reject their place in the world in order to make change. It was a higher level of aggressiveness for the movement of the time, i t was a higher level of student protestor tha...

Subtle Expressions of Patriotism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Subtle Expressions of Patriotism - Essay Example It is not the cultures of the Irish, Hispanics, and Germans that dot this continent. America is a set of principles, values, and ideals that have remained unchanged for over two centuries. Giving our continual vigilance and support to these abstract concepts is what patriotism is. A colorful hat or a flag on the lawn does little to strengthen our nation or bind us together as a people. Living the principles and ideals of our founding fathers is a subtle, yet powerful, way to not only show our patriotism, but to put it to work to strengthen our nation. Practicing the founding principle of equality binds us together in a nationalistic environment that creates the strength of numbers with the peace of individualism. We practice equality in our day-to-day lives by acting on the immortal words "We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed, by their Creator, with certain unalienable Rights" (Declaration of Independence). We live up to this ideal by treating our fellow citizens with dignity and respect. This calls us to do more than simply profess to be fair and equal in our treatment of minorities, religions, and opposing political opinions. It means that we must also accept them as legitimate and equal in terms of allowing them to exist, flourish, and grow. The practice of equality is a subtle expression of patriotism that is built upon the foundation of our nation's beliefs. Equality helps our nation assure that we are allowed to remain free and have the liberty that our independence granted us. Founding father Thomas Jefferson warned us that, "The price of freedom is eternal vigilance" (qtd. in Quotation Page). Our subtle patriotism is shown by our continued watch over our government, its excesses, and its direction in forming our domestic and foreign policies. As with equality, this expression of patriotism also requires action on the part of the citizenry. It requires us to stay informed of the issues that affect America. It demands that we participate in government when possible and whenever necessary. This may mean taking the simple action to vote, or may require running for public office. In addition, as Mark Twain said, we need to support our government when it deserves it. Freedom is a right that must be lived and watched over to assure it remains a part of our American tradition. As a nation that is built on equality and liberty, we have a patriotic obligation to support our country when we can, and criticize it when we can't. While we see our brave soldiers as true patriots, some patriots may be subtler in their approach. Visiting a veteran's hospital to thank the courageous men and women that have placed their life in harms way for our freedom is a quiet, yet forceful, show of patriotism. In addition, we must be willing to criticize our government when our conscience tells us that the government is taking action that is not in the best interest of the people. Civil disobedience can be as patriotic as enlisting in the armed forces. In both cases we are defending the principles and values that make this nation America. In conclusion, patriotism is an action that must be lived and incorporated into our daily lives. It isn't displayed by our once a year display of flags and fireworks. Patriotism is an

Nonprofit Assignment 2 Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nonprofit Assignment 2 - Coursework Example With a mission to ensure racial equality and socioeconomic uplifting of all citizens, the organization boasted about 425000 members in 2007. Through its various departments like Branch and Field Services, youth and collage department, Legal department, and Education department, the organization looks to improve the living conditions of all American citizens and provide them with the best facilities available. The Association also does strong lobbying in the US government that is something contrary to the theories discussed in the commentary. The NAACP is also run through a proper hierarchical management system and takes the ideology of business processes in its operations. The organization also had a rivalry with the IRS at the point of its tax-exempted status. The IRS contented that the organization has been actively taking part in the political affairs which was obnoxious but eventually, the case went in favour of the organization(NAACP, 1997). The philanthropic foundation works under private ownership and is a division of the main for profit business of the Kellogg Company. Hence this is a good example of the corporate effort towards non-profit businesses. The foundation was the 7th largest foundation in 2005 with 82% of its founds spent in the US. The company also invests in a variety of programs including schools, and other social programs. The assets held by the company are humongous in volume with US $ 7 billion. This is in compliance with the theories cited in the commentary about the growing influence of the non-profit organizations. The new management framework employed by the organization enables it to emphasise on food, Health, Social wellbeing and Education and Learning. The organization, unlike many others, has been very successful in fulfilling its objective of helping children face the future with confidence, health, and under high security (W.K. Kellogg Foundation, 1999). The Association of Jewish family and children agencies

Technology Philosophy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Technology Philosophy - Essay Example Varying the use of available instructional technology materials will keep the students expectant in every lesson. This gives inspiration to both teachers and students as well. For the teachers, there is the challenge to create new and exciting presentations and for the teachers, there is the continuous wondering not only on the concepts to be learned but on how these concepts are presented. The way these are presented is important because it paves the way for their clear understanding of the topics. The use of technology in the teaching-learning process should not be used as a tool in presenting the lessons like using the MS PowerPoint presentations to show the ideas and concepts or the use of transparencies to project the outline of the discussion or the content of the lecture. These should be part of the learning activities also where the students are enabled to understand these technologies and enabled to use these because in a way, creativity and technical skills are also developed. These can also be used as aid in learning concepts also like the use of computer games to teach the concept and activity of inference, hypothesis and prediction. My approach toward my educational philosophy with regard to technology was inductively developed. I looked at what I believe in with regard to the teaching-learning process and attached to these what I believe should be the role of technology. Later on, I looked into existing educational philosophies, and identified from there, which among these best fit my philosophy. As I have identified, these are as follows: John Dewey’s experiential philosophy, Dr. Howard Gardner’s multiple intelligences theory, and John Mc Peck’s teaching critical thinking. Dewey’s philosophy involves the use of experience in teaching like in teaching addition and subtraction of numbers for example, instead of teaching the